The Water-Energy Nexus Competition
Water Businesses that Save Energy
Context: Why the Water-Energy Nexus Matters
Delivery and production of clean water currently come at sizable energy costs. The more than 60,000 water systems and 15,000 wastewater systems through the country are huge energy consumers, using 3% of annual electricity consumption in the United States (3).
The EPA estimates that retrofitting one out of every 100 homes with water-efficient technologies could save 100 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per year and avoid adding 80,000 tons of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere (6). In some parts of the country, you can save more energy by turning off the tap than by turning off the lights.
Provision of water cannot rely on cheap, abundant energy supplies forever. Tomorrow's water supply system is an energy-efficient one, and Imagine H2O's prize competition will highlight the ideas that will get us there.
The Water-Energy Nexus Defined:
The Water-Energy Nexus competition will identify promising start-ups that save energy in moving, treating and using water and wastewater.
Criteria for a water-energy nexus start-up (see upcoming prize rules and eligibility requirements for more details):
Innovation Opportunities:
Below you’ll find areas within the water system that are prime for improvement in energy efficiency. These areas are meant to frame the relevance of this prize competition and are not exhaustive of eligible applications.
Sourcing Water
To provide for growing demand, accessing water supplies is of utmost importance, and this first step of acquiring fresh water is very energy intensive. Throughout the world, we mainly acquire fresh water by diverting surface waters (lakes and rivers) or pumping from groundwater aquifers. Another source of our freshwater is in desalinating saltwater or recycling wastewater, both of which have high – and often prohibitive – energy costs.
Distributing Water
Water must often travel over significant distances and elevations to get where it is ultimately treated and used. For example, in California, delivering water from the San Francisco Bay Delta to Southern California consumes 2-3% of all electricity used in the state (5). The State Water Project, which is responsible for this conveyance, is the single largest electricity user in the state. In distribution systems, there are multiple opportunities for energy savings, including pump efficiencies, leak detection, pressure management, and automation (1).
Water Treatment
Treatment for urban water use has significant energy demands. Further, as source water quality worsens and quality standards tighten, more advanced treatment (such as ozonation and ultraviolet radiation) will require even more energy (2).
Disposal
Collecting and treating wastewater for proper disposal or reuse calls for a great deal of energy. In fact, almost 30% of a wastewater treatment plant’s operation and maintenance costs go toward energy provisions (4). There are many opportunities for innovation in pumping, aeration, and solids handling to save energy the wastewater treatment process.
References:
(1) Barry, J. “WATERGY: Energy and Water Efficiency in Municipal Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment: Cost-Effective Savings of Water and Energy.” The Alliance to Save Energy. February 2007.
(2) Burton, F. “Water and Wastewater Industries: Characteristics and Energy Management Opportunities.” Electric Power Research Institute, 1996.
(3) EPRI. Quality Energy Efficiency Retrofits for Wastewater Systems. December, 1998.
(4) Jones, T. Consortium for Energy Efficiency. Municipal Water and Wastewater Presentation, January 2007. Available here.
(5) National Resources Defense Council and the Pacific Institute. “Energy Down the Drain: The Hidden Costs of California’s Water Supply.” Available here.
(6) U.S. Environmental Projection Agency. “Sustainable Infrastructure for Water and Wastewater”. Available here.
Water Businesses that Save Energy
Context: Why the Water-Energy Nexus Matters
Delivery and production of clean water currently come at sizable energy costs. The more than 60,000 water systems and 15,000 wastewater systems through the country are huge energy consumers, using 3% of annual electricity consumption in the United States (3).
The EPA estimates that retrofitting one out of every 100 homes with water-efficient technologies could save 100 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per year and avoid adding 80,000 tons of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere (6). In some parts of the country, you can save more energy by turning off the tap than by turning off the lights.
Provision of water cannot rely on cheap, abundant energy supplies forever. Tomorrow's water supply system is an energy-efficient one, and Imagine H2O's prize competition will highlight the ideas that will get us there.
The Water-Energy Nexus Defined:
The Water-Energy Nexus competition will identify promising start-ups that save energy in moving, treating and using water and wastewater.
Criteria for a water-energy nexus start-up (see upcoming prize rules and eligibility requirements for more details):
- A business that serves customers' water or wastewater needs. AND...
- A business that offers energy savings as a primary selling point for its product or service. Customers will see a measurable decrease in energy costs associated with moving, treating or using water because of this approach.
Innovation Opportunities:
Below you’ll find areas within the water system that are prime for improvement in energy efficiency. These areas are meant to frame the relevance of this prize competition and are not exhaustive of eligible applications.
Sourcing Water
To provide for growing demand, accessing water supplies is of utmost importance, and this first step of acquiring fresh water is very energy intensive. Throughout the world, we mainly acquire fresh water by diverting surface waters (lakes and rivers) or pumping from groundwater aquifers. Another source of our freshwater is in desalinating saltwater or recycling wastewater, both of which have high – and often prohibitive – energy costs.
Distributing Water
Water must often travel over significant distances and elevations to get where it is ultimately treated and used. For example, in California, delivering water from the San Francisco Bay Delta to Southern California consumes 2-3% of all electricity used in the state (5). The State Water Project, which is responsible for this conveyance, is the single largest electricity user in the state. In distribution systems, there are multiple opportunities for energy savings, including pump efficiencies, leak detection, pressure management, and automation (1).
Water Treatment
Treatment for urban water use has significant energy demands. Further, as source water quality worsens and quality standards tighten, more advanced treatment (such as ozonation and ultraviolet radiation) will require even more energy (2).
Disposal
Collecting and treating wastewater for proper disposal or reuse calls for a great deal of energy. In fact, almost 30% of a wastewater treatment plant’s operation and maintenance costs go toward energy provisions (4). There are many opportunities for innovation in pumping, aeration, and solids handling to save energy the wastewater treatment process.
References:
(1) Barry, J. “WATERGY: Energy and Water Efficiency in Municipal Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment: Cost-Effective Savings of Water and Energy.” The Alliance to Save Energy. February 2007.
(2) Burton, F. “Water and Wastewater Industries: Characteristics and Energy Management Opportunities.” Electric Power Research Institute, 1996.
(3) EPRI. Quality Energy Efficiency Retrofits for Wastewater Systems. December, 1998.
(4) Jones, T. Consortium for Energy Efficiency. Municipal Water and Wastewater Presentation, January 2007. Available here.
(5) National Resources Defense Council and the Pacific Institute. “Energy Down the Drain: The Hidden Costs of California’s Water Supply.” Available here.
(6) U.S. Environmental Projection Agency. “Sustainable Infrastructure for Water and Wastewater”. Available here.
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